Structural Collapses

Basic breakdown are calamities that require proficient and quick reactions by engineers and other crisis administrations. This report examines these reactions so as to uncover boundaries and issues that might cause a basic disappointment. It is basic that every job is played at the furthest extent of proficiency in such a catastrophe to limit losses and amplify wellbeing. For this to happen, ICT engineers become basic to the moment reaction of such a catastrophe as through saddling innovation, they can screen significant information and adequately set up a dependable open system. Moreover, correspondence before any basic breakdown is vital, as it serves to improve exactness through shared evaluation and community oriented information. (Matsushiba and Nishi 2010; Chintalapudi et al 2006; Ferworn and Ribeiro 2010; Lawson 2005) Basic wellbeing observing (SHM) is exceptionally viable in forestalling auxiliary breakdown. SHM is a minimal effort sensor arrange innovation that gathers amazingly huge observing information of a structure and is utilized to recognize any possible issues in the pre breakdown, just as the particular explanation of disappointment in the post breakdown (Matsushiba and Nishi 2010; Chintapaludi et al 2006). Such information is viewed as exceptionally important because of an auxiliary breakdown and its worth is affirmed by Matsushiba and Nishi ‘The framework screens basic vibration brought about by tremors, distinguishes basic harm and predicts execution and lifecycle of the structure' (2010, p.76). The observing information gathered in this manner results in the area of any auxiliary harm, however just as the general execution and state of the structure. With this, the SHM framework can decide a structures surmised life expectancy and consequently diminishing its general operational expenses (Chintalapudi et al 2006). Also, since the sensors are requiring little to no effort they are monetarily suitable taking into consideration mass arrangement particularly for huge structures. This uncertainly improves wellbeing just as its property of checking remotely. Along these lines with the utilization of such a propelled bit of sensor innovation, the SHM framework is profoundly viable in the avoidance and hence reaction to basic falls through steady observing. Moment correspondence is basic during a basic breakdown. Correspondence is the premise of cooperation and coordinated effort. Such a thought turns out to be incredibly huge during an auxiliary breakdown as it is required for specialists and crisis administrations to impart, however effectively assume another job totally. This degree of correspondence is fundamental as through such contrasts in understanding and abilities, the joint effort is resultant in a considerably more exact examination and thus, an exceptionally proficient way to deal with the auxiliary breakdown is found. In this manner the combination of innovation gets crucial as it quickens correspondence with the end goal that it gets consistent and prompt, which is explicitly important for such a prompt reaction to a catastrophe. As expressed, ‘in crisis the board it is basic that the correspondences be solid and responsive' (Ferworn and Ribeiro 2010). During a basic breakdown, moment correspondence is unmistakably fundamental as any deferral of critical data could prompt further disappointment or fiasco (Ferworn and Ribeiro 2010). Such huge data could be from as examined over, a SHM framework which through its information can viably decide the area of harm (Matsushiba and Nishi 2010; Chintapaludi et al 2006). This fundamental kind of information being promptly shared between the various groups during an auxiliary breakdown is of limitless worth. Besides, through the use of innovation, moment correspondence turns out to be progressively powerful and solid, particularly because of its remote property. In this manner, the foundation of such a system is strongly suggested. Correspondence in advance is important for future avoidances. In the counteraction of auxiliary dangers and harms, engineers and other noteworthy jobs need to convey viably already so as to expand the general understanding into a structure as likewise talked about above (Ferworn and Ribeiro 2010). Such pre correspondence includes distributed surveys and joint efforts. With shared audits, structures already are evaluated by various individuals and in this manner viewpoints, viably uncovering substantially more potential blames instead of being surveyed by comparative individuals in a similar field of understanding (Lawson 2005). Pre correspondence through coordinated effort is additionally a basic factor in the anticipation of basic crumples as it considers the full sharing of information and thus makes a feeling of transparency just as collaboration (Lawson 2005). Such a positive environment is an impetus for solid and basic reasoning, definitely prompting solid structures in like manner. These distributed correspondences have been talked about and portrayed as ‘powerful apparatuses to improve wellbeing just as to improve execution' (Lawson 2005, p.319). Because of the level of adequacy that they have upon engineers just as different administrations, and hence the anticipation of auxiliary breakdown, associations have been shaped to help these ideas. Such striking models is the World Association of Nuclear Operators (WANO) and the Institute of Nuclear Power Operations (INPO). These associations have actualized techniques like the distributed audits and coordinated efforts, which have brought about the improvement of participation and the prioritization of wellbeing (Lawson 2005). End It is apparent through these discoveries that ICT engineers talented with current innovation become significant previously, during and in the reaction to an auxiliary breakdown. This is because of their numerous capacities, for example, checking a structure through remote sensor innovation like the Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) framework which gives bountiful measures of significant information (Matsushiba and Nishi 2010; Chintapaludi et al 2006), or the foundation of a system which basically is a wellspring of prompt correspondence, and in this manner cooperation (Ferworn and Ribeiro 2010). This collaboration through correspondence ought to likewise be built up before any breakdown, as it is a need to successfully impart fundamental data to different architects and administrations the same (Lawson 2005). The issues inside an auxiliary breakdown however, can be acknowledged to be extremely indicated in understanding for the need of aggregate information and gathering collaboration. This is clear through the prioritization of security and boosting productivity. In result, situational change is likewise be a factor as far as needs for an auxiliary breakdown reaction. In this way for engineers, it is a shared view for the joint effort of expertise and information so as to genuinely get fruitful in the reaction to a basic breakdown.

Narrative Essay Writing- Starting With a Theme

Narrative Essay Writing- Starting With a ThemeNarrative essay writing requires that you decide what story you are trying to tell and when and where it will happen. This is one of the most important aspects of essay writing because it tells your reader something about yourself and your ideas, as well as making sure that the pieces you produce are consistent in theme.Some of the key things to consider in this writing process include: If you have a particular subject that you want to focus on, think about who you are and what is important to you. Think about the issues and how they relate to your main theme. Once you have these things figured out, you can begin to write the outline. For narrative essay writing, you will start with an introduction to tell your reader what you hope to achieve with the narrative essay.Start with your main theme first. You might do this by using the main ideas that you want to tackle as a whole or you can break them down into smaller chunks that you can do more with later. You can also keep the larger idea in the forefront until you have something to focus on. Next, think about the progression of your argument, which could be the main argument that you have, or something you just want to touch on. This is also a good time to expand on what your essay is trying to say, which is a great way to add some intellectual merit to your arguments.It's best to start at the beginning when outlining the main theme. This gives you the best chance of getting it all organized and then you can move to the point where you want to write your main points. The main ideas can be focused around the main theme, but you should do this slowly and deliberately so that you can establish your own viewpoint on the theme. Try not to stray from the main idea too much; leave it for the end to serve as a foundation for the main theme.Start writing the initial paragraphs. You should always start each paragraph with a formal introduction that explains the nature of the piece and what it is trying to accomplish. Next, you should state your topic in the title of the paragraph. It's always best to be as brief as possible in this first part of the essay, because it will be easy to move on to the more detailed sections of the essay once you have a good idea of what you are trying to accomplish. Then, you can begin to fill in the details.You can go into depth with the details of your main idea in the body of the essay. You can get into specific details about your main subject, or you can go into a more general detail. Whichever way you choose to do it, always start with an introduction and a general idea. The main point of an essay is to get across a single, concise idea about something, whether it is about a person in a group, or something else. It is always best to stick to the same broad topic to avoid confusion in the writing process.As you progress through the body of the essay, don't forget to leave room for your ideas to come through and allow th em to flow freely. The key here is to allow your thoughts to flow freely, not to cram them into the piece too much. Use your imagination to spice up the essay a bit, as long as you stay consistent in the process. Continue to move your ideas along at the same pace as the main idea. Don't try to re-write the essay as you go.The whole point of narrative essay writing is to allow your idea to be expressed, no matter how hard it is to express. If you feel that you are struggling, or if your ideas are coming out wrong, check the flow of your prose and readjust. As long as you keep your theme of your story consistent throughout the piece, you will be able to finish the task easily. Good luck with your writing!

Medal east Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Decoration east - Assignment Example Ataturk points included; the burdensome arrangement of serves in 1920s which filled in as a lawful structure forced by the republicans just as sovereign force neglected by the fabulous national get together, the reformist, republicanism, patriotism, populism, statism and financial turn of events. The standards started were key and contained constant points that were guided by republic’s interests. The standards were vested as sway of Turkish statehood and included points of interest of patriotism and universalism. This was a major request for a youthful nation. Ataturk additionally settled established revisions in Turkey that have made it acknowledged into the European Union. These corrections incorporate the abolishment of capital punishment and permitted broadcasting in the Kurdish. Spouses, ladies, and women's liberation characters reserve a privilege to look for work without their husbands’ authorization and bringing to end the act of secondary school test for girlà ¢â‚¬â„¢s virginity just as the expulsion of wrongdoings that included enemy of state remarks. Secularist changes were set out and they prompted the abolishment of Caliphate laws just as strict law courts and codes that they had actualized. Ataturk brought to presence the methodology that impacted straightforwardly the Islamic Shari’a. ... Turkey and Israel consented to consented to an arrangement on the travel industry to such an extent that patriot from the two nations could visit without limitations. This expanded the social bond among Turkey and Israel. The two likewise settled on military understandings whereby preparing plans were directed by Israel. In this understanding, Turkish military men were prepared in Israel. Turkey imported rockets from Israel, in this way, expanding the financial status and political measures. Turkey welcomed Israel for an agreement to update Turkish contender flies, an agreement that necessary 600 and thirty 2,000,000 dollars. Turkey led a military moves with Israel and the US since Israel turned into a state. The financial, social, and social offers among Turkey and Israel just as US helped it to continue its kin. Truth be told, it is the communication between Turkish government and the US government can be seen when Turkey permitted US to utilize her air terminals to fly besieging s trikes on Iraq in the inlet war. These attributes have helped Turkish government to reconstruct and extend a profoundly business and monetary manageability. Question # 3 Jordan faces various difficulties in spite of being a mainstream government where the lord talks with the voice of balance. These difficulties result from absence of water where springs rare or are once in a while discovered, precipitation is beneath five milliliters and shortage of oil riches like different districts around it. These issues bring destitution into Jordan that she can't pay for desalinization of plants, a horticultural debasing marvel wherein ranchers need to utilize water system frameworks especially dribble water system that would prefer to spare the rare water. Lamentably, plans with Syria for a dam on the Yarmuk

Bp Energy Company Focuses Primarily On Petroleum Business Essay - Free Essay Example

Executive Summary BP is an energy company that focuses primarily on petroleum, with a minor interest in alternative energy. However, due to recent accidents in the petroleum sector, the BP name has been blemished. With the finite supply of crude oil, it is also becoming necessary for an oil company to consider other investments. Because it has been successful in improving BPs reputation before, it may be strategic to reposition BP and place greater emphasis on alternative energy development. Although oil remains profitable, increasing public concerns of the negative environmental impacts and of the dependence on oil have changed the energy market. The alternative energy market is not as profitable as the oil industry, but an increasing need to invest in alternative energy makes it a potential market in the future.1 Recognizing this, BP entered the solar market in 1973.2 BP, however, does not gain a competitive advantage from its expertise in oil to help them succeed in the solar industry. It is impo rtant for BP, therefore, to consider whether it would be in their best interest to exit the solar industry, or whether BP has any competitive advantage to stay. This plan will show that BP can become the leader of the solar industry. It needs to, however, exit other alternative energy markets, educate the public and aggressively advertise, lobby the government, and invest in improving the technology of solar cells. Introduction The Anglo-Persian Oil Company, formed in 1908, was renamed The British Petroleum Company, shorten to BP, in 1954. In 1998, British Petroleum merged with Amoco and dropped the name British Petroleum to become known as simply BP.3 One of the worlds largest integrated oil concern; BP would adopt a surprising re-positioning strategy in 1997 when Lord John Browne, group chief executive, acknowledged that BP needed to address the threat of global warming. Distinguishing itself from other oil companies, BPs reputation benefited from this new position and had b een able to sustain this difference ever since. Although the oil industry is usually considered the bad guy, BP lead the list of Fortune magazines Global 100 companies on corporate responsibility with the tagline Beyond Petroleum, BP created the subsidiary BP Solar International that focused on solar energy. Due to the recent success of BP Solar, in 2005 BP invested $1.8 billion in BP Alternative Energy, which focused on hydrogen, solar, and wind power generation. BP p.l.c is a global oilÂÂ  andÂÂ  gasÂÂ  company headquartered inÂÂ  London, United Kingdom It is the third-largest energy company and fourth-largest company in the world measured by revenues and one of the six oil and gas super majors.ÂÂ  It isÂÂ  vertically integratedÂÂ  and is active in every area of the oil and gas industry, includingÂÂ  explorationÂÂ  andÂÂ  production,ÂÂ  refining, distribution and marketing petrochemicalsÂÂ  powerÂÂ  and trading . It also has majorÂÂ  renewable energyÂÂ  activities, including inÂÂ  befouls,ÂÂ  hydrogen,ÂÂ  solarÂÂ  andÂÂ  wind power BP has operations in over 80 countries, produces around 3.8 millionÂÂ  barrelsÂÂ  per day and has 22,400 service stations worldwide.ÂÂ  Its largest division is BP America, which is the biggest producer of oil and gas in theÂÂ  United statesÂÂ  and is headquartered inÂÂ  Houston,ÂÂ  TexasÂÂ  As at 31 December 2009 it had total proven commercial reserves of 18.3 billion barrels of oil equivalent.]ÂÂ  The name BP derives from the initials of one of the companys former legal names, British Petroleum. BPs track record ofÂÂ  corporate social responsibility has been mixed. The company has been involved in a number of major environmental and safety incidents and received criticism for its political influence. Its primary listing is on the London stock exchangeÂÂ  and it is a constituent of theÂÂ  FTSE 100 index. It has a secondary listing on theÂÂ  New York Stock exchange Literature review Porter five forces model Entry As of now, the solar cell industry outlook is very different across geographical market sectors (se. Since the incentive to enter depends on the profitability of the venture in the sector, we will discuss each sector individually. The U.S. Market- The solar industry has not been promoted heavily in the United States due to the lack of enthusiasm of the national government. Efforts for solar panel installations, such as giving tax credits and property tax exemptions, are concentrated at the state level in selected states such as California and Arizona.12 Overall, the U.S. market is scattered so it is difficult to get a national business thriving. There are many small independent companies, but few major domestic players. Consequently, the U.S. does not have a large market share in PV cells production (see Figur e 5). Currently the market is unprofitable and does not encourage many new entrants. Even foreign companies that have experienced success in Japan and Germany are hesitant to break into the U.S. market; lack of familiarity in U.S. operations and uncertainty in demands dissuade them from devoting money for the high shipping costs and tariffs. However, BP already has a familiar base in the U.S. due to its expanding petroleum market; it has the potential to penetrate and develop a localized monopoly over the solar industry In addition, the Bush administration has just recently recognized the need to devote research and development into renewable energy; this provides hope that U.S. will be more receptive to solar energy in the future.13 The Germany Market- The market in Germany is more active and rapidly evolving. The photovoltaic solar cell industry is a very new and growing industry and is one that has the potential to encourage entrants readily. The government is in full support of this technology, especially with the Renewable Energy Act (EEG), which guarantees large payback rates to operators of photovoltaic installations. As the location for the largest trade fair for Europes solar technology, Germany can be assured to keep up with the innovations.14 As a result, there are many opportunities for entrants to come in with better innovation and win over the market. The potential for product differentiation is great because the technology has many far-reaching consequences: the products can target a variety of consumers, from designing large-scale solar panel systems used to generate electric power for firms focusing on the everyday consumer that can buy small solar appliances to use for the home. The major players in the market are just starting to emerge, but no one has yet a large enough corporation and production capacity to drive out smaller competitions by economies of scale. BP Solar has its base in the European market and can use its position as a la rge corporation to prevent entry. The Japan Market- The Japanese market is nearing its saturation point and that discourages entrants to the market. The demand for the product has increasing every year, with installations of PV panels in residential homes becoming more and more prevalent; so many companies have been attracted by the profitability. This led to a decrease in governmental rebates for these installations. Major players have developed in this market, mainly Sharp and Kyocera Solar, with sharp controlling the market share.15 A more general barrier to entry in all three market sectors is the scarcity of silicon. There is a global shortage of ultrapure polysilicon (the raw material for silicon wafers), which is a major component in the making of PV cells.16 Buyer and Supplier Bargaining Power The photovoltaic technology is not very well understood so there is a low concentration of consumer base. Nonetheless, due to the slow and limited production of the technol ogy, consumer demand still outpaced the supply. In 2005, 24 publicly traded solar companies sold out.17 As of now, buyers do not have much bargaining power due to the rarity of the product, but this will change as companies expand their manufacturing facilities and work towards mass production to bring down costs. On the other hand, the suppliers for the solar companies have a lot of bargaining power. The number of firms entering the solar industry business is increasing rapidly while the availability of supply is scarce. Even large firms have to wait up to 6 months for modules. As the firms frantically try to expand the product to meet the demand, they are faced with a shortage of silicon chips and modules, which lead to doubling of prices Companies such as BP, should devote research into using the silicon resources more efficiently to counter supplier bargaining power and lower manufacturing costs. Substitutes The major substitute for PV technology right now is the standard electricity produced by coal and natural gas. The threat from this substitute is great because it has been the main source of energy for household devices. The standard electricity is still much lower in cost than the PV cells so there is very little incentive for consumers to switch to solar technology. However, with development and research, firms are cutting the cost per watt of the PV cells by 5% a year and can continue to improve the cost to watt ratio significantly until it is comparable to that of standard electricity.18 Since natural gas and coal are limited in supply, their prices will eventually increase, causing demands for alternative energy sources such as solar cells to increase. However, solar cells are not the only alternative source for generating electricity. According to Energy Information Administration, solar only accounts for 0.2% of the renewable electricity produced in the United States. The biggest sector in the renewable energy area belongs to hydropower (7 5.2%).19 Hydropower plants, although more prevalent and cheap, have its shortcomings, including decreased water quality and negative effects upon natural wildlife habitats. Solar cells can play upon that weakness as one of the cleanest renewable energies currently known. Rivalry The current major players in this industry are Sharp, Kyocera Solar, Shell Solar and BP. Price rivalry is not significant amongst the firms because solar energy is already an expensive technology to produce. It will harm the industry to undercut prices, as the technology is not cheap and well understood enough that an increasing but small consumer demand will not compensate a reduction in price. In addition, the major players in the industry have separate geographical markets and not much overseas establishments. The high cost and the segregated consumer base minimize competition. Only with mass-production and increased popularity can price rivalry happen. Synergies A major problem with PV techno logy is the lack of electronic device compatible with the cells. Synergies can include selling adapters that allow the use of PV cells with household appliances. The solar company can also team up with other electronic corporations such as Sony to produce appliances that operate with PV cells. Other possible synergies are to integrate service with the product. Access to technical assistance is often a key for PV cell installations. Since it is a new technology, consumers will need a lot of guidance in installation and maintenance. BP has already incorporated service by providing installation and free check-ups with each purchase of its solar panels. C:UsersamitDownloadsimages.jpg SWOT Analysis Strengths One of BPs major strengths is that it is a major corporation with plenty of financial assets to back up its alternative energy research. In 2005, BP had profits of $22.341 billion.38 BP, relative to the small specialized alternative energy companies, has a great advantage as far as financial backing. BP has the capability to invest a great deal in research to improve alternative energy technology. BP recently signed a strategic joint venture to access Chinas expanding solar market and provide local manufacturing capacity.39 Since BP has been in the solar industry business for thirty years; it has the experience and is acquiring the technology it needs to be a major player in the solar industry. In 2004, the BP Solar business first became profitable. BP, with its Energy Max solar electric ground systems technology, which follows the path of the sun from east to west, maximizing the performance of the cells, provides for a good solar option to its customers. BP has provided a number of different companies and groups solar cells. In 2004, BP Solar provided the solar panels to a Whole Foods Inc. store in Edgewater, NJ, which became the first major retailer in the Northeast to use solar energy as a power source. BP provided the solar panels to the Uni ted States Marine Corps Air-Ground Combat center. Some other projects included the Lufthansa Terminal in the Munich, Germany airport and the Tennessee Valley Authority in Chattanooga, TN.41 BP has created a number of programs to increase public awareness of the need for solar energy. BP created the BP Solar Neighbours Program, where every time a celebrity has BP solar panels installed into their home, BP will donate a solar system to a low-income family living in South Central Los Angeles. BP has the opportunity to combine with celebrities to promote the use of solar cells. It also has the BP Solar Connection Program, which is designed to raise awareness in schools the immense benefits of clean alternative energy. Through programs like these, BP is increasing the awareness and therefore the demand of solar energy. BP Solar even donated panels to ABCs Emmy award-winning reality series Extreme-Makeover: Home Edition. Weaknesses Compared to alternative energy companies not in the oil industry, BP is at a disadvantage by its negative dirty oil image. In March of 2006, a major BP pipeline ruptured on the North Slope of Alaska spilling thousands of litters of crude oil into the Arctic Ocean. Accidents like these are negatively impacting the companies attempts to re-brand its image to a more environmentally friendly oil company. Environmentalists are calling BP out on the re-branding as just a way to green wash-giving a positive public image to unsound environmental practices-their public image. The BP brand is extremely strong for oil, but not nearly as much as it is for its alternative energy sector. The average person does not necessarily know that BP has entered into the solar energy market. Another major weakness of BP Solar is that the photovoltaic industry has very little in common with the petroleum industry. BP has perfected the ability to refine able to make chips, store energy in batteries and such. In entering the solar energy market, BP had n o competitive advantage over other companies to be able to use its vast knowledge in petroleum. Thus, it is extremely difficult for BP to create synergies between the oil side of the company and the solar side. Opportunities With its profits from oil, BP has a number of opportunities to invest and acquire more in the solar energy sector. BP has also begun to sell its photovoltaic cells and modules that provide power for homes at Home Depot. Currently, BP Solar has teamed up with Home Depot in offering a BP Solar Home Solutions in California, New Jersey, and Long Island, New York. The BP Solar Home Solution offers free in-home consultation, professional installation, and free six-month checkups. BP also offers a variety of services, such as someone who would help handle the paperwork, permitting application process, and rebates. The solar systems purchased include a five year full service warranty and a twenty five year limited warranty on the panels, which helps to reassure co nsumers on switching over to solar energy. BP can also sell to other home improvement stores such as Lowes and Ace. BP has a number of opportunities through the government to increase its profits. One such thing includes passing legislature that provides tax breaks to individuals and corporations that opt for alternative energy as a means of electricity. It can also encourage states like California, Arizona and Florida to pass a mandate that homes built after a certain year should be required to have some solar energy device. Though this would also be helping its rivals, it would still benefit BP Solar as well. BP has some opportunities to create synergies between the petroleum side of the business and the solar side. It can very well use solar energy to power its operations such as its business offices, plants, and even gas stations. If BP Solar improves the technology to make photovoltaic cells more cost efficient, it can very well create connections between the two sides of the company. Threats With many people realizing the need for alternative energy sources in the near future, there are a number of companies specializing in specific alternative energies, including specifically photovoltaic solar cells. BP, however, is extremely diversified and has its assets in a number of different products, with the obvious being oil, but in other alternative energies as well. The extreme diversification could possibly pose problems to BP in the future. Shell, another successful oil company has entered into the solar energy market, and it is currently one of the four major solar energy leaders along with BP Solar, Sharp, and Kyocera.

A Research Study On The Psychology Of Attractiveness Essay

The studies I participated in were from FaceResearch.org. The description of this website was, ‘Participate in short, frequently updated experiments about the traits people find attractive in faces and voices, find out how you compare to others, and learn more about the psychology of attractiveness.’ I was very interested in this section in class, so I decided to do a few studies from this website. The first was one titled Facial Attractiveness, and I clicked on it because it had the most participants (over 77,000). In this experiment, participants were supposed to indicate which face was more attractive (and how much we prefer it) of the two shown. The participants could click on the following options: much more attractive, more attractive, somewhat more attractive, or slightly more attractive. There were abut forty sets of faces. They would show two female faces, one more feminized and one more masculinized. Then, they would show two males faces. In the end, the result s were as follows: ‘On average, people preferred the more feminine women 80% of the time and the more feminine men 54% of the time. You preferred feminine women 100% of the time and feminine men 0% of the time.’ I also participated in the study What makes a face attractive? It was similar to the other study in which I was given two faces and had to choose which one was more attractive. The results were as follows: ‘On average, people had a 58% preference strength for the more feminine images. You had a 46%Show MoreRelatedDo Animated Disney Characters Portray And Promote The Beauty Goodness Stereotype Essay1512 Words   |  7 PagesStereotype† (Bazzini et al., 2010). This research study aimed to look if Disney films can influence young children’s judgement of their peers. An abstract should contain a summary of the journal article (Bryman, 2004). The introduction of this journal article does state that there were two studies conducted. 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The Current Monetary And Fiscal Policy Essay - 955 Words

Keynes would be adamant of government intervention and new policy reforms which seek to address market distortions created by the government’s stance on the current monetary and fiscal policy. The principle of Keynesian economics is that in the event investment exceed savings inflation would result. Similar principle could be applied to the housing market where investment properties are finance by large mortgages with only a fraction of the cost funded by savings. To combat investor demand interest rates should increase to a sustainable rate making mortgage financing more costly thereby reducing gains from property speculation. At the same time returns in investing savings in banks would increase as a result of higher interest rates which effectively reduces the margin of returns between property speculation and term loans. This would negate incentives for investors but does not account for owner occupiers. 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Continuous Improvement of Team Assignments †Assignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Continuous Improvement of Team Assignments. Answer: Introduction The continuous improvement plan is basically important for the development of the improved services in the organization (Luther and Wells 2017). The continuous improvement plan would help in developing the improved processes and align the improvement of the operations in the organization. The continuous development plan is formed for integrating the operations of the organization and development of the effective and smart processing. The development of the operations would be helpful for forming the integration of the systematic flow of operations and it would imply the development of the improved processing for the organization. The following essay would be helpful for the analysis of the continuous improvement plan and it would help in easing the process of the effective and smart implementation system of operations. The case study of the implementation of continuous improvement plan is Latino Engineering and it would comprise the effective and optimized solution for their functions and operations. Some recommendations for sorting the issues of Latino Engineering are, Development of Continuous Improvement Plan: According to Morgan and Stewart (2017), the development of the operations by using Continuous Improvement plan would be helpful for forming the accurate and improved services for the organization. Deployment of the Plan: As opined by Chadha (2017), the deployment of the effective continuous improvement plan would help in developing the formation of the effective and smart processing in the organization. Continuous Improvement Plan for Latino Engineering The continuous improvement plan would be implied for the development of the effective and smart processing of Latino Engineering. The supportive and improved processing of the operations would be benefited for the implication of the operations (Bernhardt 2013). The development of the continuous improvement plan would imply the systematic and improved processes for the organization. The integration of the operations would help in forming the supportive development of the operations for integrating the system integration. The continuous improvement plan would help Latino Engineering in developing the improved processes and align the improvement of the operations in the organization. The continuous development plan is formed for integrating the operations of the Latino Engineering organization and development of the effective and smart processing (Tichnor-Wagner et al. 2017). The development of the operations would be helpful for forming the integration of the systematic flow of operati ons and it would imply the development of the improved processing for the Latino Engineering organization. The development of the operations would imply the effective and improved processes of the Latino Engineering organization. The retiring of Dominic, after 30 years of working in Latino Engineering, resulted in attracting a group of investors for buying the Latino Engineering. The investors had retained the companys name for ensuring that the disruption of clientele would not happen (Bernal 2014). However, some senior engineers had left the company for seeking new options in their career. It had resulted in forming some issues in operations and functions of Latino Engineering. The issues of the Latino Engineering had been both technical and operational due to the change of the management and resigning of the senior engineers. The Latino Engineering had to face the issues of defective engineering equipments that had resulted in forming the incompatible issues for Latino Engineering and their working operations (Dessinger and Moseley 2015). The operations of the Latino Engineering had not been helpful for interacting the smooth operations and systematic development. The equipments that had been employed at Latino Engineering were not working properly and it resulted in forming the delay of operations and decrement of the productivity. The absence of the senior engineers at Latino Engineering resulted in poor designs and lack of development follow up. It resulted in forming the issue of the operations due to integration of the poor design in the organization (Singh and Singh 2015). The Latino Engineering also had to face the issue of delayed operation for sol ving any issue they had to face. The delay was caused due to the inexperienced engineers of the Latino Engineering. The service team were also not very active and the customer management also suffered the loss of the effective channel of communication. The engineering equipments were wrongly packed and it was not delivered to the clients in proper time. All these issues of defective engineering equipments, poor designs and lack of development follow up, delayed operation for solving any issue, service team were also not very active, customer management also suffered the loss of the effective channel of communication, and engineering equipments were wrongly packed and not delivered to the clients in proper time (Lewis 2016). It was required to implement a continuous improvement plan that would help in solving all these issues and form the effective operations in Latino Engineering. The continuous improvement plan would be developed for analysing the issues and their impact on the operations of Latino Engineering for solving the issues and form some scope for the improvement of the operations of the Latino Engineering Organization (Copeland, Zarbo and Varney 2016). The development of the operations would imply the effective and improved processes of the organization. The continuous improvement plan consists of development of the operations for integrating the improved services of the organization. The employment of the operations would help in forming the development of the operations to resolve the effective processing. The continuous improvement plan can be developed with the help of PDCA cycle or Plan Do Check and Act cycle. According to Lee, Davies and Mark Stephens (2014), the PDCA cycle is implied for developing the continuous improvement plan in the organization of Latino Engineering. The PDCA cycle consists of four activities namely Plan, Do, Check, and Act. These steps would be helpful for integrating the smart operations of the implementation of the continuous improvement plan. The implementation would be highly effective with the help of the implementation of the continuous improvement plan. The development of the effective operations would be facilitated for implying the effective control of operations. The Plan Phase would be helpful for forming the development of the operations in the organization. The plan would be developed for the integration of the operations of the continuous improvement plan for the Latino Engineering. The step is characterized by the identification of the problems with respect to data and facts (Shakman, Bailey and Breslow 2017). The analysis would be helpful for integrating the issues of the organization and develop an understanding their impact. The development of the plan would form the effective use of development process. The plan development would form the use of the effective planning method for the integration of the operations. The phase of the planning would be implied for forming the effective and improved processing of the implementation tools. The planning would require the use of the effective management and operations that would help in integrating the system operations. The Do Phase would be helpful for implying the secured operations of the organization (Fryer, Antony and Douglas 2015). The implementation of the operations would be helpful for forming the effective and smart processing of the operations for the organization. The analysis would be helpful for integrating the issues of the organization and develop an understanding their impact. The understanding of the business performance and the impact of the problems on the business operations would be done in this phase of PDCA cycle. The Do Phase would form the effective and smart processing of the organization for forming the implementation of the plan. The phase is characterized by the deployment of the effe ctive and smart operations of the system developed integration (Drost and Chaney 2014). The phase would be developed for forming the integration of the operations for implementing the continuous improvement plan in the Latino Engineering. The Check Phase would be helpful for forming the improved processing of the organization and it would result in forming the improved processing of the organization. The phase would employ the development of integration for the development of the effective and improved processes. The phase would help in forming the effective development of the operations. The control plan would help in controlling the integration of the operations for the continuous development of the operations (Pyzdek and Keller 2014). The step would help in developing the sustainability and improved plan for the Latino Engineering organization. The check phase would evaluate the operations of the implementation and it would help in developing the effective operations of the organ ization. The Act Phase is characterised by the management of the operations and it would help in forming the effective use of the information processing. The phase would help in developing the effective use of the operations for acting on the review phase of the operations. The measurement of the benefits would imply the benefits of the financial success of the operations. The final result would be implied for forming the effective role of operations in the organization. According to Evans and Lindsay (2014), the development of the operations would imply the role of the system integration and analysis. The diagram of the continuous improvement plan had been given in the Appendix-A section of the assignment. The implementation of the continuous improvement plan would be easily implied for forming the effective flow of information in the organization. The activities of the continuous improvement plan would be implied with the help of Six Sigma Process (Furterer 2016). The Six Sigma Approach would be employed for analysing the effective and improved processing of the operations to form the deployment of the system integration. The Six Sigma Approach would imply the use of analysing the practical problem, analytical analysis, statistical analysis, practical solution, development of control plan, and final result development for developing the continuous improvement plan of Latino Engineering organization. The development of the improved processes would be implied for integrating the operations of the organization and it would form the development of the operations for Latino Engineering (Matsuo and Nakahara 2013). The Analysis of the Practical Problem would help in analysis of the issues an d problems of the Latino Engineering for forming the effective and smart processes of the operations. The step is characterized by the identification of the problems with respect to data and facts. The analysis would be helpful for integrating the issues of the organization and develop an understanding their impact. The understanding of the business performance and the impact of the problems on the business operations would be done in this phase of plan (Liu et al. 2014). The Analytical Analysis would help in forming the evaluation of the problems identified in the first phase. The problems would be identified in terms of the facts and data gathered within the analysis step. The analytical analysis would be based on the development of the effective tools of analysis such as IBM data analytics, Hadoop big data analytics, and Cloud Storage. These data storage platform would help in storing the various data and information regarding the issues of the Latino Engineering and it would hel p in forming the appropriate analysis of the operations. The Statistical Analysis would help in forming the effective and smart processing of the data for developing the system integration and operations (Pietrzak and Paliszkiewicz 2015). The step involves the development of the data driven and reliable solution for the Latino Engineering. The improved processes would form the development of the operations with the analysis of the statistical data analysis. The Practical Solution would be developed for forming the improved processes of the organization. It comprises of the development of the profitable and errors reduction solution for the Latino Engineering. According to Evans and Lindsay (2014), the solution would be data driven and developed by forming the use of analysis tools. The implementation of the operations would help in forming the accurate and systematic development of the practical solution for Latino Engineering. The Development of Control Plan would imply the support of the operations by the help of control plan for integra ting the operations for the informative development. The control plan would help in controlling the integration of the operations for the continuous development of the operations (Pyzdek and Keller 2014). The step would help in developing the sustainability and improved plan for the Latino Engineering organization. The Final Result Development would form the analysis of the operations and it would form the development of the effective solutions for implying the systematic flow of operations for the organization. The measurement of the benefits would imply the benefits of the financial success of the operations. The final result would be implied for forming the effective role of operations in the organization. The development of the operations would imply the role of the system integration and analysis (Furterer 2016). The diagram of the implementation of continuous improvement plan had been given in the Appendix-B section of the assignment. Conclusion It can be concluded from the essay that the development of the continuous improvement plan would be implied for the development of the effective processing of the information. The continuous improvement plan had been basically important for the development of the improved services in the organization. The essay had formed the analysis of the continuous improvement plan and it had helped in easing the process of the effective and smart implementation system of operations. The case study of the implementation of continuous improvement plan was Latino Engineering and it would comprise the effective and optimized solution for their functions and operations. The integration of the operations helped in forming the supportive development of the operations for integrating the system integration. The continuous improvement plan assists Latino Engineering in developing the improved processes and aligns the improvement of the operations in the organization. The issues of the Latino Engineering had been both technical and operational due to the change of the management and resigning of the senior engineers. The Latino Engineering had to face the issues of defective engineering equipments that had resulted in forming the incompatible issues for Latino Engineering and their working operations. The recommendations for the improvement of the operations had comprised the development of the Continuous Development Plan and implementing the effective development of the operations for Latino Engineering. All these issues of defective engineering equipments, poor designs and lack of development follow up, delayed operation for solving any issue, service team were also not very active, customer management also suffered the loss of the effective channel of communication, and engineering equipments were wrongly packed and not delivered to the clients in proper time. The continuous improvement plan had developed with the help of PDCA cycle or Plan Do Check and Act cycle. The Plan Phase had been helpful for forming the development of the operations in the organization. The Do Phase was helpful for implying the secured operations of the organization. The Check Phase was helpful for forming the improved processing of the organization and it had resulted in forming the improved processing of the organization. The Act Phase was characterised by the management of the operations and it would help in forming the effective use of the information processing. The Six Sigma Approach was employed for analysing the effective and improved processing of the operations to form the deployment of the system integration. The analysis of the practical problem, analytical analysis, statistical analysis, practical solution, development of control plan, and final result development had been followed for forming the operations. References Bernal, J.J., 2014. PDCA Cycle (Plan, Do, Check, Act): The Deming cycle and the continuous improvement. Bernhardt, V., 2013.Data analysis for continuous school improvement. Routledge. Chadha, R., 2017. Value Through Continuous Improvement.FAIMA Business Management Journal,5(1), p.40. Copeland, J., Zarbo, R. and Varney, R., 2016. Deviation Management: A Defect Management System for Continuous Improvement.American Journal of Clinical Pathology,146(suppl_1), p.189. Dessinger, J.C. and Moseley, J.L., 2015.Confirmative evaluation: Practical strategies for valuing continuous improvement. John Wiley Sons. Drost, D. and Chaney, J., 2014. Core Course Outcomes Assessment and Program Continuous Improvement Using an Integrative Business Plan an Empirical Evaluation.Developments in Business Simulation and Experiential Learning,28. Evans, J.R. and Lindsay, W.M., 2014.An introduction to Six Sigma and process improvement. Cengage Learning. Fryer, K.J., Antony, J. and Douglas, A., 2015. Critical Success Factors of Continuous Improvement in the Public Sector: A review of literature and some key findings. Furterer, S.L. ed., 2016.Lean Six Sigma in service: applications and case studies. CRC Press. Lee, P., Davies, K. and Mark Stephens, O.N.S., 2014. Continuous Improvement of Gross Domestic Product: Sources, Methods and Communication. Lewis, W.E., 2016.Software testing and continuous quality improvement. CRC press. Liu, X., Zhu, Y., Peng, K., Zhou, C., Liu, M., Liu, S.C. and Tu, C., 2014. Application of PDCA Method in Quality Management of Running Medical Records at the Department of Orthopedics.Chinese Medical Record English Edition,2(3), pp.112-115. Luther, M. and Wells, J., 2017. Assessment on Solid Ground: Collaboration between Universities and Academic Libraries in the Context of a Continuous Improvement Plan. Matsuo, M. and Nakahara, J., 2013. The effects of the PDCA cycle and OJT on workplace learning.The International Journal of Human Resource Management,24(1), pp.195-207. Morgan, S.D. and Stewart, A.C., 2017. Continuous Improvement of Team Assignments: Using a Web?Based Tool and the Plan?Do?Check?Act Cycle in Design and Redesign.Decision Sciences Journal of Innovative Education,15(3), pp.303-324. Pietrzak, M. and Paliszkiewicz, J., 2015. Framework of Strategic Learning: The PDCA Cycle.Management (18544223),10(2). Pyzdek, T. and Keller, P.A., 2014.The six sigma handbook(p. 25). New York: McGraw-Hill Education. Shakman, K., Bailey, J. and Breslow, N., 2017. A Primer for Continuous Improvement in Schools and Districts. Singh, J. and Singh, H., 2015. Continuous improvement philosophyliterature review and directions.Benchmarking: An International Journal,22(1), pp.75-119. Tichnor-Wagner, A., Wachen, J., Cannata, M. and Cohen-Vogel, L., 2017. Continuous improvement in the public school context: Understanding how educators respond to plandostudyact cycles.Journal of Educational Change, pp.1-30.

Should Abortions Be Made Illegal In The U.K Essay Example Essay Example

Should Abortions Be Made Illegal In The U.K Essay Example Paper Should Abortions Be Made Illegal In The U.K Essay Introduction I am sure you need no reminding at how controversial the topic of abortion is, there have been endless debates for decades on the subject and to be elected president of the United States, you must have a view on abortion. It really is a very important issue in modern day society.The abortion law was passed in 1967, brought about by an MP, David Steel. Which is still the law governing abortions in England, Scotland and Wales. The primary objective of the law was to eliminate illegal, backstreet clinics which were open to women who wished to have an abortion. However, procedures in these took place under filthy conditions since they did not have to abide any rules or regulations regarding hygiene. This unfortunately led to the deaths of many women. However, the law succeeded, nearly all of these clinics were shut down but which has led to a surge in the number of abortions taking place.Nowadays abortion is permitted if some conditions are met, such as, whether the pregnancy will pose a risk to the life of the mother or whether there is a strong chance that the child may suffer from serious mental or physical abnormalities. However it is very difficult to define for example, serious abnormalities, a reason why the topic of abortion produces a wide variety of attitudes. Nevertheless, it is still rather easy for women to obtain an abortion in the U.K and many â€Å"pro-life† campaigners want the law on abortion to be made much stricter. On the other hand supporters of abortion believe that the law does not go far enough and that abortion should be made more readily available.Although abortion is easily available within Great Britain, it is not obtainable in Northern Ireland unless serious complications may arise. Supporters of abortion feel that the situation is inadequate since it is out of step with the rest of the U.K. Yet many women from Northern Ireland travel over to Britain in order to receive an abortion, some even say this discriminates those who can not afford to travel. I do agree that the situation in Northern Ireland penalises women living here and although I am not eagerly in favour of abortion I feel that more women in Northern Ireland should be given the chance to terminate their pregnancy without travelling to mainland Britain.Other people’s views on abortion vary dramatically with endless debates sparked over a single question, is abortion morally wrong? Some people think that abortion is morally wrong, but that having an abortion may be the best alternative, although others would argue that abortions are not morally wrong and that the choice should be given to the women. Such a view would be considered as being â€Å"pro-choice.† Many of whom do not support the concept of abortion but admit that it is required in modern day society. I personally agree that abortions are a vital part in society today, however I do feel that more should be done by authorities to reduce the number of abortions currently taki ng place.At present it is rather difficult for an individual, unfamiliar with the concept on abortion to take a strong opinion on the matter, since most of the arguments for and against often contradict each other. The abortion figures are startling, last year over 195,000 terminations took place in England and Wales, a substantial 3.2 percent increase from the previous year and since the 1967 Abortion Act, over 6 million abortions have taken place. It is of little surprise that most of these cases were in women under the age of 21. A reason that â€Å"pro-life† supporters would argue against abortion, saying that nowadays abortion is treated as being an easy way out with little thinking over the matter. Yet it also shows how common abortions actually are in the U.K, a reason why many are insisting that they should be banned.At present there are even some extreme groups in the U.S that try to force people into taking the opinion that abortion is morally wrong through the use shocking pictures and illegal signs. There have been numerous documentaries following such demonstrators and how they attempt to change people’s views using this method. However, in my opinion I feel that people should be allowed to take their own view on a subject and should definitely not be forced in taking a particular side, yet demonstrators insist that abortion is killing and should be addressed by provocative means.Such extremists would take the view that life begins at the point of conception, therefore placing abortion as killing. However, there are a variety of views which can be taken. For example, it could begin at the point of conception right up to the time when the baby is born. Those in favour of abortion would often view the birth as the point when life begins and therefore would not see abortion as murder.Another concern that some individuals take is the fact of how abortions carried out in Britain are costing the National Health Service a substantial sum of money, of which in this economic crisis the nation can simply not afford. Since the total sum accumulated in 2009 was in excess of à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½20 million, and those would argue that abortions should either be prohibited altogether or a fee should be introduced for each procedure. However an action such as introducing a charge could cause tremendous uproar, as in theory it would be discriminating those who may be in great financial difficulty, who would be left unable to shift the bill. Nevertheless I feel that this is an extremely weak argument to use against abortion, since it would cost the state much more money to fund each child born rather than each procedure. I also feel that it is deeply insensitive to argue on matters of life and death on the bases of economical implications.On the other hand a ban in abortion would most likely lead to a surge in population and many would ask whether the U.K could face such a change. Currently the population stands at just under 65 million and one would ask if abortion was to be made illegal would a population increase be likely. There is a range in opinions however the majority of experts agree that there is increased chance of a rise in population. Mixed with the current rate of immigration, such an increase would be very unsustainable and could severe consequences.Although anti-abortionists would disagree that a ban in abortions would have much of an effect on overall population. However it is hard to believe such a statement when viewing current statistics of the growth in the U.K. It would be a massive understatement to say it would be easy to the government to place a ban.Although it is part of their everyday job, even doctors still do not agree with the overall concept of abortions, with some who even want a ban altogether. Still, 75 percent of doctors believe that women should have the choice on whether to have an abortion or not. However, nearly all medical professionals of those surveyed agreed that the time limit to have an abortion should be halved, from the current 24 weeks to 12 weeks. Although late abortions account for only 1 percent of the overall total, nevertheless carrying out a late abortion can be extremely unpleasant. Since it is pictures of such procedures that anti-abortionists use as deterrents for others.I also coincide with the widespread opinion that the cap on late abortions should be reduced to 12 weeks. Late abortions are not only much more distressing for the patient but can also affect the doctors who carry them out. Some doctors have even been mentally scared, which really does show exactly how unpleasant they are.Regarding abortion for medical reasons for instance; where the mother’s life is in jeopardy, I feel the decision should be up to the mother, family, or doctor. It’s true, the mother and the unborn baby are still two separate individuals but under these difficult circumstances it should be a personal decision for those directly involved. This is the most widely accepted reason in society to have an abortion since many would prefer the mother not to be put through danger, than for the child to grow up with possibly no mother. This situation differs so fundamentally from abortion on demand, which is to have an abortion for convenience, as opposed to choosing which life will be saved. A very difficult situation where the woman has become pregnant is in serious cases such as rape. In such a scenario I believe that the decision should be dependant entirely on the woman. Since it will be her responsibility to raise the child if she chooses to have it.Although these are very hard decisions for those involved, many anti-abortionists insist that it is an easy decision not to have an abortion as the baby can be offered for adoption. However I disagree, I feel that it would be much harder for a woman to put her child up for adoption and possibly try to forget than to have an early abortion. A ban in abortion would lead to a ri se in children being put up for adoption, and in my opinion it will leave a lot more women possibly feeling guilty. Yet there is no doubt that having an abortion will have some sort of an impact on the person involved.Although not much of an issue in the U.K in Africa around 35,000 women die each year due to unsafe and illegal clinics, since abortion is not legal in Africa. This figure is over 40 percent of the global total which is extremely alarming. Critics warn that if abortion is banned in the U.K many similar clinics will open illegally and pose a threat to women willing to take the chance, which would simply not be acceptable.I also feel that many women would choose not to have an abortion if there is better financial and social support for mothers. These include simple things such as more flexible working hours and inexpensive, readily available childcare. However such a move would also have consequences, a lot of money would be spent by government and at present such a chan ge may not be possible.In conclusion, I feel that although abortion is a very sensitive issue in society I also feel it is also very beneficial as a whole. Though, currently the rules are much too relaxed since many women see it as an easy way out of a difficult situation, when in fact it may be the completely wrong decision. At present I feel that the number carried of abortions carried out is much too high and that the time limit should be reduced to 12 weeks. Yet in my opinion I feel that the choice should be solely down to the woman, she will be the one that needs to care for the child and nobody else should have a say whether that is right or wrong. Furthermore, if abortion is made illegal in Britain it will not succeed in preventing it from occurring. The doors of numerous illegal clinics will open, like before the abortion law was passed, which may well result in preventable deaths and even the spread of disease. Should Abortions Be Made Illegal In The U.K Essay Thank you for reading this Sample!

Lord of the Flies and 1984 Essay Example

Lord of the Flies and 1984 Essay Example Lord of the Flies and 1984 Essay Lord of the Flies and 1984 Essay Essay Topic: 1984 Lord Of the Flies The government is supposed to protect and provide for their people but unfortunately this isn’t always the case. Some leaders would try to get power so that they can use it unjustly and have total control over the society they rule. Many dictators in the past such as Hitler and Mussolini that ruled back in 1930’s have used their position as leaders to make unethical decisions for their entire country and giving themselves the authority to get away with anything. Both ruled with totalitarian characteristics. Lord of the Flies and Nineteen Eighty Four are two stories created in the post Second World War era. The novel Lord of the Flies, written by William Golding symbolizes the natural darkness of humanity shown using a group of young boys that try to construct civilization. While the novel Nineteen Eighty Four written by George Orwell, represents the dangers of a totalitarian society. Both novels Lord of the Flies and Nineteen Eighty Four share major themes that contribu te to the corruption of a community because the government would use their power unjustly leading to a dangerous totalitarian society, the idea that power or dictatorship are achieved through psychological manipulation, and finally, physical action is often used to maintain control and power within the societies present in both novels. A totalitarian society is when a country is governed under one man or a group of people. This government will control every aspect of your life including who you associate with, where you work and even go as far as controlling thoughts which would all lead to the dehumanization of an individual. The concept of dehumanization is present in the novel Lord of the Flies where a young boy named Jack progressively becomes more power dependent and thrives off of his control which leads him into becoming a savage by the end of the novel. Jack was the first to cast off the restraints of civilisation and led the boys down a path of savagery.  T

Retail Services in China Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Retail Services in China - Research Paper Example In the raising of high transaction expenditures due to market imperfections, it is normally cheap for multinational corporations (MNCs) to do their businesses in new marketplaces by their inner business structures as opposed to depending on the markets. Derived from a case study of Coca-Cola’s entry option into China, this study tests the applicability of internalization assumption to revealing the entry choice of Coca-Cola Company into China. This theory discloses the financial rationale, which was main reason of Coca-Cola’s transformations in their entry choice as it changed from franchising to joint ventures (JVs) with significant local investors, and more currently to the combination of franchising and JVs. When a multinational corporation or company (MNC) gets into new markets, it is fairly costly for it to do business activities owing to high transaction expenses (Mok, Dai & Yeung, 2002). These expenses take in the ones arising from the problems of opportunism, uncertainty, small share of market agents and limited rationality (Williamson, 2002). Williamson (2002) quarreled that the transaction charges of executing, implementing and writing contracts through the market exceed the expenses of internalizing the market. The matter is further exacerbated when the business transactions comprise of multifaceted contractual incidents (Williamson, 2002). Therefore, it seems that an MNC will opt to set up wholly owned subsidiaries (WOSs) to cope with market defects (Williamson, 2002). Except for the choice of WOSs, there are other frequently used modes, as well, like joint ventures (JVs). Anchored in various studies of Coca-Cola in China, this study assesses the usability of the internalization theory to elucidate the entry mode option of MNCs in China. Coca-Cola in China has been considered as the study firm for numerous reasons. First, it is the globe’s largest cola manufacturer and one of the prime MNCs (Williamson, 2002). Secondly, the corporation has a fairly long history of venture in China, since 1979, when financial reform was executed under the de facto management of Deng Xiaoping. Thirdly, going through intense rivalry from its close opponent, Pepsi-Cola, as well as a strange and extremely versatile market environment, Coca-Cola’s skill, accomplishment and endurance, in securing a huge market share, in China, makes up a motivating case by which effects might be studied for the comprehension of MNCs’ entry into the Chinese market through creating equity joint ventures (EJVs) (Mok, Dai & Yeung, 2002). Fourthly, there are just two significant earlier studies on Coca-Cola’s operation in China: PU-TU-USC (2000) and Nolan (1995) (Mok, Dai & Yeung, 2002). Rooted in an encompassing survey of the company’s bottling plant in Tianjin, Nolan (1995) did the initial comprehensive study of the micro-economic effect of just one Coca-Cola plant in the country. He argued that the firm’s business structure, in general, has encouraging effects on the labor development, product markets and rising capital in China. This study corresponds to another large-scale research done by a team of economists at Tsinghua University, Peking University and the University of South Carolina (USC) (PU-TU-USC, 2000) (Mok, Dai & Yeung, 2002). Derived from an input-output model, the three institutions estimate that the financial effects of Coca-Cola’s venture, as well as recurrent operation, comprising of the downstream (distribution) and upstream (suppliers) business associations, in the Coca-Cola business structure, in China, formed an overwhelming 414,000 jobs, 1.2 billion yuan of tax payments and 21.7 billion yuan of output in 1 998 (PU-TU-USC, 2000; Mok, Dai & Yeung, 2002). Regardless of this priceless information brought out by the above studies, there is no precise literature giving theoretical foundation for the entry mode option of Coca-Cola in our concerned country (Mok, Dai & Yeung

Prompt. Bridging the gap Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Prompt. Bridging the gap - Essay Example fluenced significant transformations in ways of life and in validating that this unifying force confirms universality of responsibility with one another. In the United States, a country known to have espoused diversity in culture, a quick research on the predominant religion in the country revealed that Christianity still prevails with 78.4% of the respondents acknowledging their religious affiliations (The Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life). More interesting, the religious affiliations of members of the United States congress have been disclosed that more than half are Protestants with the rest being diversely affiliated to other religions and only 5 out of 435 members not specifying any religious membership (The Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life). In this regard, one strongly believes that religion plays a crucial factor in influencing diplomatic policies and in facilitating resolution of political conflicts within the local and international sphere. When government leaders have signified and acknowledged affiliations to religious groups, as verified and attested within the chambers of the 111th congress, decisions regarding foreign policies, resolution of conflicts, and guiding principles towards governance are most likely to be defined and influenced by the religious teachings and traditions that are imbibed. For example, as cited by Albright, during her 1981 visit in Poland, significant changes were observed regarding the form of government until such time that Pope John Paul’s visit influenced the people to boldly profess their Catholic faith and openly express their intent to be liberated from the bonds of communism. Despite the government’s declaration that Pope John Paul was to be regarded an enemy of the state due to the convictions and threats posed by his teachings, the firm belief and adherence to faith exemplified by the greater majority, remarkably led to the liberate Poland, â€Å"brought down the Be rlin Wall, reunited Europe, and transformed

Problem solving Essay Example for Free

Problem solving Essay Introduction This case is about a sales supervisor, Debbie’s Ronson, having a group meeting with the sales department. The meeting was held to discuss two things, one last week’s performance, and two Debbie handed out a memo outlining a new format for scheduling their calls. At the end of the meeting Debbie discussed the meeting to one of her fellow supervisors, saying she gives them a chance to talk in the meetings but there is never a response. Debbie believes they are either shy or disinterested in her meetings. Statement of Problem. In this case Debbie, the sales supervisor, held a meeting for the four basic meeting purposes, give information, exchange information, find facts and solve problems (296-297) using the leader-controlled approach(p. 297). During the first half of the meeting Debbie discussed last week’s performance. After discussing it she asked if there were any questions, no response. The second half of the meeting Debbie discussed the new schedule for calls, once again no response no ideas. The overall problem Debbie is having is the non-responsiveness from her sales department during meetings. Solution There are a few ways as to how Debbie can fix this problem. One she can take a second and see if this meeting is actually necessary to have asking herself â€Å"why are we here? † and having a clear purpose which is also enabling other pre meeting plans to be developed to support the purpose of the meeting p301. Two Debbie could, clarify her expectations of the meeting (p304). At the beginning of the meeting Debbie can explain why this meeting was called for and that she is expecting to give information as well as hearing feedback from the group. 1. What might be some reasons for participants not saying much at Debbie’s meetings? Her department members could feel as though the meeting is pointless and would like to get back to their jobs, that to the department members, their job is more important. 2. Assume that you are a facilitation consultant. What advice would you give Debbie for encouraging participation in future meetings? If I was a facilitation consultant I would suggest Debbie to make sure she is prepared, that she is asking the right questions during the meeting.

Learning Styles and the Brain Essay -- Biology Essays Research Papers

How Did You Know That?!Learning Styles and the Brain Although most commonly framed in academic contexts, learning style lies at the foundation of individual identity and development. Learning, "the process of acquiring knowledge about the world" (1) and learning style, "...the sum of the patterns of how individuals develop habitual ways of responding to experience" (2) reflect an array of attitudes, emotional responses, preferences and habits. It is the basis of how we interact with, process and are subsequently affected by inputs from our environment. In addition to providing a general overview of learning styles, this paper makes the claim that distinctions resulting from these models support the existence of the I-function. A preliminary understanding of learning styles requires some knowledge of brain functioning. Currently, specific cerebral locations are associated with particular functions. The left and right hemispheres of the brain employ different strategies that classify individuals as either analytic (left) or global (right) learners. "A successive processor (left) prefers to learn in a step-by-step sequential format, beginning with details leading to a conceptual understanding of a skill. A simultaneous processor (right) prefers to learn beginning with the general concept and then going on to specifics." (2) Constructing learning style along these lines has dictated classroom methods for decades. Traditional pedagogy has long favored the left-sided student, emphasizing accurate, rational and sequential thought. Right-sided learners, with a proclivity towards a spontaneous, random, and visual style, possess a mode that is undervalued and often stifled. Current theories of human learning contend that learni... ...ciously change these things, or appreciate how much of who we are is already rooted in the nervous system awaiting the opportunity for expression. Learning models enable students and educators to assess individual learning styles and to tailor strategies and experiences accordingly. Understanding the neuro-biological aspects of learning could provide critical insight for issues such as learning disabilities. Culture affects what particular style is fostered and preferred. Insight into this aspect of learning style might contribute towards understanding inequalities in the educational system that result, for example, in higher dropout rates for minority students, and make educational reform a more attainable goal. Internet Sources: http://www.brains.org/path.htm http://cogsci.ucsd.edu/~stjohn/bbs.abstract.html http://io.uwinnipeg.ca/~epritch1/impnexp.htm Learning Styles and the Brain Essay -- Biology Essays Research Papers How Did You Know That?!Learning Styles and the Brain Although most commonly framed in academic contexts, learning style lies at the foundation of individual identity and development. Learning, "the process of acquiring knowledge about the world" (1) and learning style, "...the sum of the patterns of how individuals develop habitual ways of responding to experience" (2) reflect an array of attitudes, emotional responses, preferences and habits. It is the basis of how we interact with, process and are subsequently affected by inputs from our environment. In addition to providing a general overview of learning styles, this paper makes the claim that distinctions resulting from these models support the existence of the I-function. A preliminary understanding of learning styles requires some knowledge of brain functioning. Currently, specific cerebral locations are associated with particular functions. The left and right hemispheres of the brain employ different strategies that classify individuals as either analytic (left) or global (right) learners. "A successive processor (left) prefers to learn in a step-by-step sequential format, beginning with details leading to a conceptual understanding of a skill. A simultaneous processor (right) prefers to learn beginning with the general concept and then going on to specifics." (2) Constructing learning style along these lines has dictated classroom methods for decades. Traditional pedagogy has long favored the left-sided student, emphasizing accurate, rational and sequential thought. Right-sided learners, with a proclivity towards a spontaneous, random, and visual style, possess a mode that is undervalued and often stifled. Current theories of human learning contend that learni... ...ciously change these things, or appreciate how much of who we are is already rooted in the nervous system awaiting the opportunity for expression. Learning models enable students and educators to assess individual learning styles and to tailor strategies and experiences accordingly. Understanding the neuro-biological aspects of learning could provide critical insight for issues such as learning disabilities. Culture affects what particular style is fostered and preferred. Insight into this aspect of learning style might contribute towards understanding inequalities in the educational system that result, for example, in higher dropout rates for minority students, and make educational reform a more attainable goal. Internet Sources: http://www.brains.org/path.htm http://cogsci.ucsd.edu/~stjohn/bbs.abstract.html http://io.uwinnipeg.ca/~epritch1/impnexp.htm

Mattel Toy Recalls

Mattel, Inc. is the largest toy company in the world. This largest toy company in the world was founded by Harold Matson and Elliot Handler in 1945, as they started to produce picture frames. However it was Elliott Handler who had a visionary of a side business in dollhouse furniture out of the converted garage (Mattel). As a top company, the primary activities of Mattel are to design, manufacture, and market the toys. As the company’s sales growing slowly, Mattel started to produce varieties of high quality products and became one of the of the best toy companies around the nation at the time.The major move by Mattel was when it sponsored Walt Disney’s Mickey Mouse Club television show that put the company in spotlight and company’s sales increased significantly. That sponsorship of Mickey Mouse Club helped the company to attract a very high proportion of young potential customers. In 1959, the wife of Elliot Handler, Ruth Handler came up with an outstanding ide a that changed Mattel forever. As Ruth Handler watched her daughter playing with paper dolls, she suggested the idea of making three dimensional dolls to her husband.Elliott loved the idea of making such dolls and introduced the doll with a full wardrobe and accessories to the market. The doll initially named after the nick name of daughter of Elliott and Ruth. The introduction of the new doll was a huge success for Mattel and immediately the doll became the major product line of Mattel (Finding). With the success of Barbie doll, Mattel was named a public company and ranked soon as one of the largest industrial companies in the United States. In 1968, Mattel have introduced another consumer-loved product called Hot Wheels. This was second biggest hit since the company introduced Barbie.Hot Wheels immediately labeled Mattel as the largest toy company in the world. As the toy industry was changing and new competitors were coming in, Mattel saw a stiff competition rising in the mid 198 0s. Like other companies in the toy industry, Mattel faced a stiff from the electronic entertainment. The electronic entertainment introduced many electronical videos games in which children switched to at an increasing young age from the traditional entertainment. To cope up with the competition and attract the new generation, Mattel decided to expand into technology by producing lectronic gaming products. Mattel failed to attract a high proportion of consumers, and were unable to fit in with the new strategy as there were new competitors producing electronic games with lower prices. Later, Mattel decided to focus on producing the core products of the company. This strategy to refocus on the core products and makeover some of the core products was a great success for Mattel. For example, after doing makeover, in 1988 to 1993, the sales of Barbie doll increased to $ 1 Billion dollars from $430 Million dollars (Sansweet).As Mattel is known for making most of its own products in their owned manufacturing facilities, the company owned and operated 10 manufacturing plants worldwide. Half of the manufacturing plants are located in China (Jiangyong). Since Mattel started its business, the company produced its products mostly in developing countries to take the advantage of cheap manufacturing costs. Unlike many toy companies, Mattel produced 70% to 80% of its products in their own manufacturing facilities. The company believed that making products in-house will be more stable and high efficient products.According to Mattel, in-house facilities have high standard safety measures and high quality control that produce high-quality products. Besides making most of its products in Mattel’s own manufacturing facilities, some of its production was outsourced to China and other developing countries in order to focus on domestic strategic efforts such as Research and Development and Marketing. However these outsourcing products were not efficient as products were made in in-house facilities. These outsourcing products were less stable and not as efficient.Many times these products needs to be recalled as they do not meet the safety standards and tend to hurt the image of a well-known organization like Mattel. Therefore, Mattel’s strategy was to focus on making most of its core products at their own manufacturing facilities, and outsource the products that are less popular and non-core. Due to outsourcing to other developing countries, the toy industry faced many hardships. The products that are made in developing countries that had substandard quality control were recalled many times due to the safety reasons.Mattel too faced a stiff pressure from the government and consumers for the products that were not safe and stable which are made in manufacturing facilities in China. Recently, Mattel recalled several of its products because they were not safe for consumers. Recalling millions of products, not only reduced the total revenues of the company, as well as it hurt the company’s image at the same time. Mattel had been always trusted by its consumers for making providing its consumers high-quality products and stable products.The recalls that are connected with lead paint made by Mattel’s lont-time manufacturers. These manufacturers are responsible for not having strong safety regulations and not complying with the quality control within the organization. The manufacturer, Early Light Industrial, was responsible for the second major recall of about 1 million toys. The manufacturer had more than 200 employees to inspect if the contractors were complying with safety regulations, but none of them were stationed on-site to inspect the products. Failure to inspect the products left the company with rooms or errors.In order to understand a company’s situation, financial statements are very important. Financial statements allow you to see the company’s performance, financial condition, and financ ial trend. By examining financial statements of Mattel, we can clearly foresee where the company is heading financially. Looking at ROA and PM, both ROA and PM increasing year to year from 2005 to 2007 which is very good news for Mattel. Despite the recalls, Mattel’s total revenue is still increasing year to year. These analyses clearly show that Mattel is performing very well in making profits.Some of the key financial highlights of Mattel recorded below: Selected Financial Highlights of Mattel, Inc. : YEAR 2007 2006 2005 Net Sales 5,970. 09 5,650. 16 5179. 02 Cost of Sales 3,192. 79 3,038. 36 2,806. 15 Net Income 599. 9 492. 93 417. 02 Total Assets 4805. 46 4955. 88 4372. 31 ROA (%) 12. 4 9. 5 9. 53 PM (%) 10. 4 8. 72 8. 05 Firm Strategy One of the Mattel’s primary strength is that the company is the leading brand named leading toy company in the toy industry. Ever since Mattel started its business, the company always produced high-quality and consumer-loved products . Mattel has plenty of name brands products that are very popular among the customers. Mattel’s brand name recognition stared in 1959 when the company first introduced the famous doll, Barbie.Other products, Hot Wheels, Fisher Price, and NASCAR also are very popular products and behind the huge success of Mattel. In order to continue making the high-quality products Mattel’s main focus is to keep doing what the company is doing and find out what the customers’ want and desire by research and development. Mattel’s main goal is to maximize production efficiency while minimizing the risks, controlling expenses, and maintaining flexibility. In order to focus on that strategy, Mattel has decided to use the third party manufacturers to produce its non-core products.Slowly, Mattel has been moving its manufacturing to countries like China, Japan, Indonesia, Thailand, and many other developing countries. As Mattel has contracts with thousand of vendors in those co untries, the company does not need to rely on a single manufacturer. However, this strategy may not convey quality assurance of the products and also raise concerns over safety regulations. Due to substandard safety measures revolving toy designing and manufacturing in China, Mattel has been facing some tough challenges.During 2007, Mattel has made five recalls of over 21 million toys are made in China due to the excessive lead paints on toys and having loose magnets that normally impose danger to the children while playing with them. These loose magnets and lead paint can easily be consumed by the children. These recent recalls started to hurt the image of the company and as well as the reputations of the company. Sales in some areas started declining, however, the total revenues of the company is increasing than the previous year.Possible Options As we have detected causes of the problems, we need to come up with alternative solutions to solve the problems. There are some alternat ive strategies Mattel can apply in order to stay on the of the toy industry. Possible alternatives include rebuilding strategy, and manufacturing in United States. Option 1: Rebuilding Strategy: Mattel should focus on rebuilding strategy. The company needs to rebuild the consumer trust in toys, rebuild the trust of the industry, and as well as the trust of China.Accountability and responsibility required strongly to repair the image. Denial and accusations will just hurt the image of the company more as it could bring counter attack by the accused. Option 2: Manufacturing in United States: Mattel may decide to move its manufacturing back to United States as they are facing many problems in foreign countries. However, this strategy will be really costly to Mattel financially. Also, it will harm the relationship with foreign countries. Therefore, rebuilding strategy is strongly recommended. Recommendations and ImplementationsDuring the crisis management, accountability and responsibil ity is very important to maintain the reputations and sales of the company. Admit the wrongdoing, instead of throwing blame on China. Blaming China will just hurt the relationship with the Government China. Mattel, Inc. is also required to change its strategy to address the concerns in design, manufacturing, quality control, and safety assurance of the products. In order to implement the rebuilding strategy, Mattel needs to take some of the important steps. The company needs to be open and truthful.Confess to wrongdoing is a great tool to start re-establishing the trust. The company also needs to focus on communicating with the consumers to address their needs. For better standard safety measures, Mattel should hire a third party for sudden inspections of the products in manufacturing facilities. The company should maintain its current strategy and continue outsourcing in China where it could focus on expanding product lines. The company may also incorporate with established manufac turing facilities where they have standard quality control and strong safety measures.Most importantly, the company needs to focus on more modifying the safety operations in facilities by inspecting standards of production and examining the materials that are supplied by third-parties. October 26, 2010 Robert D. Katz Ishaque Mohammed Ibrahim Mattel’s Case Memo Executive Summary: California-based Mattel, Inc. is well-known to the world for making the high-quality and brand-name recognized products. Recently, the Mattel Company recalled millions of products that are mostly made in China for the safety concerns that raised many questions about the sustainability of the company’s products.Due to these recent recalls, now Mattel is totally aware of the perils of manufacturing in developing countries, where the safety measures and working environment were totally unacceptable. The purpose of this case analysis is to understand the problems that occurred and how Mattel will c ome to solutions to solve them. This case analysis will review the problems Mattel is facing, analyze firm strategy by using SWOT, and recommend alternative strategies to solve the problems and best way for Mattel to proceed successfully in the future.